Basic IP Multicasting for Me, a Beginner-Dummy.

၁၉၈၀ ေလာက္က Mr.Deering ဆိုတဲ႕လူၾကီးက သူ႕ရဲ႕ Phd ေဒါက္တာ Thesis မွာ အသံုးလိုတာနဲ႕ ထြင္လုိက္တယ္

အဓိကကေတာ႕ Application ရဲ႕လိုအပ္ခ်က္အရ Network ေပၚက Destination တခ်ိဳ႕ကိုပဲ Layer 3 Network ေပၚကေန သီးသန္႕ Traffic ေတြပို႕ဖို႕လုိအပ္ေနတယ္။

Broadcast ကေတာ႕ Loud Speaker လိုမ်ိဳး မၾကားခ်င္လို႕တံခါးပိတ္ထားလဲ ၾကားေနရၿပီး Unicast ကေတာ႕ တယ္လီဖုန္းေခၚသလိုေပါ႕

ဆုိေတာ႕ သူ႕က Multicast ကိုထြင္လုိက္တယ္..တကယ္လဲ လိုအပ္ေနတာၾကီးပဲ

Multicast က ေရဒီယိုနဲ႕တူတယ္.. Frequency သိတဲ႕သူေတြပဲ နားေထာင္လုိ႕ရမယ္

၁၉၉၁ မွာ Routing Protocol ေတြရဲ႕ ေျခလွမး္သစ္ Mr.Deering ရဲ႕ ေဒါက္တာ Thesis “Multicast Routing in a Datagram Network” ထြက္လာခဲ႕တယ္။ ဂုရုၾကီးေပါ႕ေလ...

IP-Multicast  သံုးမယ္ဆိုရင္..

Layer 3 Address တခ်ိဳ႕ကို Multicast သီးသန္႕သံုးဖို႕ စရံလုပ္ထားရမယ္

Multicast Address ေတြကို Destination Address ေတြအေနနဲ႕ပဲသံုးမယ္ Source မဟုတ္ဘူး

Multicast traffic ကိုလိုခ်င္တဲ႕ Host ေတြမွာ Multicast Application ကို Multicast Server မွာသံုးထားတဲ႕ Multicast IP Address နဲ႕အတူတူConfigure လုပ္ၿပီး Installေိ္ေadfasdfasfadsfasdfasdfasfasdfasdfas

 လုပ္ထားရမယ္

Host ေတြက Standard Method တစ္ခုကိုသံုးၿပီးေတာ႕ အဲဒီေပးထားတဲ႕ Multicast IP Address ကိုတြက္လိုက္မယ္ဆိုရင္ တူညီတဲ႕ Layer – 2 Mac Address တစ္ခုထြက္လာၾကမယ္။ အဲဒီ L-2 Address ကိုသူတို႕ရဲ႕ NIC မွာ တပ္လုိက္မယ္

Multicast Mechanism အရ Host ေတြကလဲ ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႕ကေတာ႕ ဒီ Multicast Traffic ဆုိရင္ လိုခ်င္ပါတယ္ဆိုတဲ႕ Message ေတြကို သူတို႕ရသက္ဆိုင္ရာ Router ေတြကို inform လုပ္ထားၿပီးၿပီ

IGMP လို Protocol သံုးထားတဲ႕ Switch ေတြဆိုရင္ ဘယ္ Host ကေတာ႕ ဘယ္ Multicast Traffic ကိုလိုခ်င္တယ္ေနာ္. အဲဒီ Host က ဘယ္ Port မွာေနာ္ ဆိုတာကို Learn လုပ္ထားနွင္႕ၿပီးပါၿပီ။

Router ေတြမွာလဲ Multicast Traffic ေတြသြားရေအာင္ Multicast-Protocol ေတြရွိေနပါၿပီ။ ဥပမာ.MOSPF, PIM-DM လိုမ်ိဳး..

Multicast က scalable ျဖစ္တယ္ အဓိကက bandwidth မစားဘူး Centralize Compuratise system ေတြ Server ေတြ ရဲ႕ uplink consumes မျဖစ္ဘူး.ဥပမာ Unicast မွာ Video Server ကေန 1.5 Mb ရွိတဲ႕Data ကို Host 100 က တျပိဳင္ထဲၾကည္႕ဖို႕အတြက္ Server မွာ 1.5GB uplink လိုတယ္၊ ဟုတ္? Broadcast က်ေတာ႕ တစ္ခါကို 1.5Mb နွုန္းနဲ႕ပဲမလုိခ်င္တဲ႕သူေတြလဲရကုန္မယ္..100 မကဘူး.

Multicast သံုးမယ္ဆိုရင္ Server Uplink 1.5 Mb ထဲနဲ႕ပဲ အဆင္ေျပတယ္ အေယာက္ ၁၀၀ မကဘူး ၁၀၀၀ ၾကည္႕ၾကည္႕..Video Server ကေန Host 1000 အတြက္ 1.5Mb Data Uplink ဆိုအလုပ္ျဖစ္ေနၿပီ

1)    Video Server ကေန Multicast-IP ဥပမာ 255.5.5.5 ပါတဲ႕ Multicast Packet တစ္ခု ပို႕လုိက္တယ္ တစ္ခုထဲေနာ္ဟီး

2)    WAN Router ေတြက Multicast Protocol သံုးၿပီး LAN Router ေတြဆီေရာက္သြားတယ္

3)    Host 100 က Multicast-application Install လုပ္ထားနွင္႕ၿပီ သေဘာက 255.5.5.5 ဆိုရင္လုိခ်င္ပါတယ္ျဖစ္ေနၾကၿပီ  သူတို႕က Multicast IP ကေန L-2 Address ကို Standard Method သံုးၿပီး Calculate လုပ္ၿပီး အဲဒီရလာတဲ႕ L-2 Address ကို သံုးၿပီးေစာင္႕ေနၾကၿပီ

4)    Host ေတြကို ခ်ိတ္ထားတဲ႕ Switch ေတြကလဲ ဘယ္ Port က ဘယ္Host ကေတာ႕ ေစာင္႕ေနတယ္ဆိုတာ သိေနၿပီ

5)    LAN Router ကေန လိုသေလာက္ Packet ကို Copy ပြားၿပီး Ethernet Link ကေန  Switch ေတြဆီကို Forward လုိက္တယ္

6)    အဲဒီ Multicast Packet မွာ L-2 Destination Address ပါတယ္ေလ အဲဒီ Address ေတြက Host ေတြ Calculate ၿပီးတြက္ထားတဲ႕ L-2 Mac address နဲ႕တူတူပဲေလ

7)    အဲဒီ အခ်ိန္က်မွ 101 ေျမာက္ Host က ရုတ္တရက္ သူလဲ လိုခ်င္ပါတယ္ ဆိုရင္ Multicast Group ထဲကို Multicast IP သံုးၿပီး၀င္ပါလိုက္ရံုပဲေလ သူ႕အတြက္ Server Bandwidth ကိုမထိခိုက္သြားနိုင္ပါဘူး

City FM လိုေပါ႕.. Frequency သိရင္ Tune လုိက္ၾကေပါ႕ အသံထြက္လာပါလိမ္႕မယ္။

 Ref: Introduction to IP Multicasting, CCIE Routing and Switching Certification Guide, 4^th Edition.

Practice Make Perfect

let me share this, credit to the original blog, you gonna love this for sure.

http://dans-net.com/TS_mini/

Thanks & regards,

kc

BGP quick set up.

I found this note when i clean my old files, quite helpful.

Step 1. Configure IP address on a loopback interface.
Step 2. Tell BGP on each router to use the loopback ip address as source ip address .
Step 3. Configure the BGP neighbor command on each router to refer to the other router's loopback up address.
Step 4. Make sure each router has ip routes so that they can forward packets to the loopback interface IP address to the other router.

When configure loopback interface as source address, we need to configure eBGP multihop command to increase
the TTL value.

CCIE Journey!

Hi,

Do you guys familiar with sadikhov forum? I got my MCSE from this, LOL.
But, today, they already become a truly supporter for true-certification, but not dumps.
Here is one of a guy sharing his CCIE journey, interesting... after reading his, i'm thinking for mine now. How should I face it, how can i prepare, can i really do it, anyway, i'l go for it.

Link : http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?/topic/67385-what-i-did-to-pass-the-ccie-lab/

"
Hi after many PM's asking what I did, I have decided to put it here so I don’t have to type it so many times.

First of, I started my CCIE preparations last year about December. I started with Reading the standard books.

Routing TCP/IP vol I & II. I actually did all of my studies off of Vol I first edition and the re-read the 2nd ed when it cam out. I recommend reading the 2nd ed.
I also browsed thru Cisco Lan Switching, but the entire books is based in CAT OS so I ended up going back to my CCNP BCMSN (Cisco press) book. I think it pretty much covered what I needed to know. It is actually a pretty good book.
I used the QOS book (Cisco press) for CCVP. 
I referred to the BGP commands and configuration guide as needed.
I referred to the OSPF commands and configuration guide as needed.
In the last week before my written, I used TestKing.. (yes I used TK, but only after I felt I have a strong background in all of the core topics)
I took and passed my CCIE R&S Written on March 11. 
I bought the CCIE Exam certification guide after I passed the written and read it. It is much more useful it you get it before the written, because it is mostly for the written.

I then played around a little bit on the CCIE Practical studies VOL I until I started my class in June.

On Just 6 I stared a bootcamp in India. I attended Ip Solutions R&S Lab bootcamp in Mumbai India. It lasted for 1 month. Basically I sat in front of a computer with a Full Lab sitting next to me and for 8 hours a day I completed Labs with a CCIE instructor helping me. The class itself was 1 month, but I stayed a little longer, (about 4 more weeks) and utilized the equipment doing Internetwork Experts labs. I really liked them and felt they thought me A LOT. 

CODEwww.ipsol.net


I got back to the states in August and continued to do Internetwork Experts Labs with online rack time. I used Internetwork Experts online labs a few times, but mostly used CODEwww.ccie2be.comas they are cheaper for the time. Their equipment is set up perfectly for the IEWB. 
I made sure I could get thru all of the IEWB labs. I did 1-30 and repeated 1-10. 
In Late August I signed up for an IEWB Mock Lab and did pretty well on it and then I signed up for the CCIE assessor Lab. I did well on it too, so I figured I was ready. 

I sat my lab for my first attempt on Sep 8 and feel I came pretty close, just not close enough.

After that I was pretty discouraged for a while and did not study at all. I was just being lazy but really wanted to continue but did not have my heart in it. I scheduled a trip to Hawaii and for the day after Hawaii, I set up the Heinz Ulm bootcamp. 

So, after my trip to Hawaii, I flew directly to Denver and sat in Class with Heinz Ulm for his Mock Lab bootcamp. October 9-13CODEhttp://www.heinzulm.com/mocklab.php
That ended and I had one week before my Lab Date of October 20. I made a deal with Heinz and utilized his Online Labs until the following Thursday morning. (day before Lab) I used that week to do a few more of his labs and go thru the DOC CD every chance I got to find things I knew I might need to find in the real lab. 

I sat down on Friday, Oct 20 and was pretty confident. I was finished with my IGP and had started BGP before Lunch. When i got back form Lunch, I continued with BGP and moved on to the rest. I had completed my entire Lab with the exception of one security Task I never got to work right. I ended up leaving it alone because I felt it would mess me up in other areas because I never did get it right. I got up to leave about 1 our before time was up, but for some reason came back to my seat to run a few more tests (LUCKILY). I found one thing that was broken from one of the later tasks I did, and fixed it, after that I could not drag myself away from the seat until they told me to go. I ran ping, Telnets, and Trace routes to EVERY SINGLE IP in the Exam. I highly recommend that if you have time, do it. 
"

The most important protocol for a data network engineer?

What a wise pick for a topic ;) lets discuss about the protocols again. Needless to say, there are so many protocols out there and some Ipv6 protocols are still coming. Since i myself only working in data network, i can not discuss about voice or security or wireless, lets base on TCP/IP model also I do believe that Application Layer is less important then the others for a network operation engineer whi maintain and run a live network. However that was my earlier perspective and later I found out the other way round. I try to understand how the internal mechanism of most popular protocols are working, how they behave one another in different platforms, what m trying to say is for example, the famous routing protocol OSPF forming neighbors over LAN, and over WAN. But now I am quite surprise that these are not enough. There are quite a few numbers of protocols out there, most of them become IEEE standard while some of them are Cisco proprietary protocols, like routing protocol EIGRP and redundancy protocols like HSRP and GLBP(excuse me, m cisco student).
Anyway.. lets think again, u know what? I jst want to stop typing with my tiny iphone, this gonna b my first iphone blogging, gudnight!

Me vs ITIL

Since I've been working for a service provider network, one of the main core value is how to deliver the services, how good the services are and how can we make sure that we are delivering our best services ( sound like management ;P ), anyway.

So there's always been a conflict between IT people, the technicians, and the business people, the manager or more precisely, the stakeholders. We used to take different sites.

IT people always talk about base on the technology models, in order to improve the service not base on the business perspective. Frankly, just demanding more budgets for higher techs, while the business people think they only need just the 'pure services' which will bring values and profits no matter what the technologies but with the lowest cost.

There is a frame work called ITIL, to lowering IT costs and also improving the services, is globally accepted as the blue print for IT to deliver values.

I'm going to sit ITIL2011 Edition exams, for ITIL certificate, because I need it to step forward in my career. For the guys working as Network Engineer out there, Just a soft reminder, its always not enough only to be good at technical, because we are living in the world of business. That's the reason why I choose to get Business Information System degree. Anyway, I'll be still going for my CCIE next year.

Preparation - installing basic knowledges

Hay,

Its been awhile .... I'm doing good!, I think so ^_^
I just left two other modules to graduate (Yay!), I hope I can clear before 2013 Thin-Gyan.

Anyway, let's get back to the main business- CCIE R&S, there is a popular website called,
http://www.ine.com/, I'm planning to buy Lab exam package from them, $199.00.
Before that, of cause I must had passed the written exam. For the written exam, before reading to Official Certification Guide, I think I might need to build-up and equip myself with some expert level knowledges. This is the reading list I got after googled it.


1.Developing IP Multicast Networks Volume I (Cisco Press)
2.MPLS VPN Architectures Volume I (Cisco Press)
3.Internet Routing Architectures (Bassam Halabi)

Oh, I found one website, www.abebooks.com selling used books, amazingly cheap, fantastic man, you sh try!
I bought one book during my assignment (that's not related to Networking), almost like new, the price was only $15 or smth, with $7 shipping charges.

Goodluck with your study, I'll be so busy these months, you know what? I'm one of the player in changing one of the largest ISP's broadband network into IPv6. Yahoo!
Just go and renew my library card.

Reason for leaving blogging.

Hi there,

I'll be busy the whole 2012 until first quarter of 2013 for my B.SC class.
I myself stop learning about Networking and planned to resume maybe after 2013 ThinGyan.
Let's study CCIE when we meet again in 2013.

Thanks and best regards,
KC

Very Good Multicast Video

Hi guys,

If u guys looking for a multicast explanation, here it is.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AvbSMBKBZgY&feature=relmfu

Thanks,